Impresión digital 3D : diseño y fabricación digital de superficies continuas
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Date
2020
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E.T.S. Arquitectura (UPM)
Abstract
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Current advances in construction automation and specially in large-scale additive manufacturing proves the enormous potential for robots in architecture. The construction industry is on the brink of transformation. Although construction automation is not new, recent advances in computation make the question of what it means to design and build with the new technology an open call for designers to restructure fundamental aspects of how we think, design and build. Likewise, it is essential to improve the efciency in building processes to fulfll the ever-growing demand of resilient and sustainable building environments, indispensable to achieve the sustainable development goals. Automation in construction is unique in its potential to reproduce highly complex structures, presenting novel prospects on how to confront construction industry challenges society faces today. Novel design models and fabrication techniques are key to this purpose. Recent advances in computational design and in robotic manufacturing have proven to increase the construction efciency, productivity, and performance of large-scale membranes. To advance one step into the question of how one turns rapid prototyping techniques into large-scale 3D printing forms and structures, this research presents computational methods of design and robotic construction of cellular membranes. The morphological model is based in a system of forces in equilibrium, inspired in the knowledge of geometry, material economy, construction rationalization, audacity and many other qualities of shell designers. This research contributes to the advancement of construction automation and robotic additive manufacturing ofering meso-structure confguration by discrete design methods suitable for robotic fused deposition of spatial lattices and their large-scale architectural implementation in automated manufacturing of shell structures. For the generalization of a design and fabrication method of lightweight fbrous shell structures capable of being manufactured by robots on-site, frst, this research explores how form can be digitally created by emulating a given static system of forces in space. The computational design methods and additive manufacture techniques are tested in the construction of complex surfaces. Secondly, inspired in the complex mechanical behavior of cancellous bone, this research explores the design space by addition of discrete units that conform continuous trabecular-like lattices, defning their geometry, limitations, opportunities for optimization and mechanical characteristics. Finally, this research explores methods of confguration of cellular structures by application of external forces of precompression that extend automated additive manufacturing applications to largescale, on-site or prefabricated membrane construction.
Keywords
Arquitectura